What is the role of Stem Cells in Autism

Stem Cell Therapy is making strides in the field of regenerative medicine. However, it is still in the trial phase, and research data available up until now showcase that the therapy is a promising avenue. More research and data collection are required to establish more opinions on its long-term benefits. For Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), stem cell therapy has emerged as a potential treatment option (research and clinical trials are ongoing in India regarding the same).

Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can be described as a range of conditions identified by the patient facing challenges in navigating social skills, repeating the same behaviors, and issues with speech and non-verbal communication. By far, the exact reason for autism is not completely identified. The medical care experts suggest that genetic coding, environmental factors, and neurological factors could be the potential factors contributing to the development of these conditions. 

Role of Stem Cell Therapy in Treating Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

So far, there is no definitive cure achieved in medical science; there are studies and research supporting alternative and regenerative medicines being helpful. As per ongoing medical studies, stem cell therapies have the potential to address the underlying biological factors in human body that further contribute to the development of ASD in the patients. Medical care experts have highlighted a few key functions of the stem cells in relieving the ASD symptoms:

Help in restoring the brain function in the ASD patients:

Stem cells have the capacity to regenerate and repair the damaged nerve cells, which are responsible for managing the smooth function of the brain. Since autism is a condition, where some parts of the brain may not function as intended, having neurons repaired with the help of stem cells minimzes the negative impact. Normally, autistic people struggle with communication, interacting socially and behaving as a normal individual would. Stem cells can help in the promotion of neurogenesis and enhancement of synaptic connections. This further improves the brain function and restore the normal activities in ASD patients. 

Inflammation Reduction in the ASD Patients:

Inflammation in the brain is the key challenge faced by ASD patients. This swelling in the different parts of the brain further plays role in the advancement of autistic symptoms. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are taken from sources such as umbilical cord or bone marrow tend to have anti-inflammatory properties. With the treatment through these stem cells, the neuroinflammation is minimized. As a result, the immune responses in a patient’s body modulate better and potential reduce the symptoms related to autism. 

Regeneration of Neural Pathways in ASD Patients:

Abnormalities in the process of brain development is considered as one of the key causes for autism. These abnormalties are mainly identified in sensory processing, social interaction and cognitive function of the brain. With the help of stem cells, there is scope for regeneration of these damaged neural pathways. Once these neural pathways are reconstructed in human brain, there’s scope for improvement in the ASD patients in the field of social communication and behavior.

Support in Modulation of Gut-Brain Connecton:

The collection of bacteria in the intestine (gut microbiome) affects the function of brain, studies have been showing growing evidence for the same. Disruptions in the microbiome are found in autistic patients. Stem cell therapries designed for gastrointestinal (GI) system help in restoration of gut function, which further helps in minimzing autism symptoms. 

Customized Treatment of ASD Symptoms via Stem Cells:

Autism is a disoder, which has multiple levels of severity and the symptoms also vary accordingly. Stem cell therapy has the potential to be customized as per the specific treatment requirements of an individual. This tailored approach may include focusing on the specific areas of the brain, gut or the immune system. 

Types of Stem Cells Used in ASD Clinical Trials and Research

There are different types of stem cells used for the treatment of ASD. These cells are defined based on the source from where they’re derived and their healing capabilities. Here are the key onces used in the treatment of autism:

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs): Mesenchymal Stem Cells are derived from bone marrow, umbilical cord, or adipose tissue. They are the most preferred method for treating autism as these have the potential of reducing inflammation and offer neuroprotection. 

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs): These types of stem cells are repgrogrammed from adult stem cells. These cells are derived from skin or blood and they have the potential to develop into other cells including neurons. 

Neural Stem Cells (NSCs): These stem cells have the capacity to develop into neurons as well as other types of brain cells. This further helps in regeneration and repair of damaged brain tissues. 

Limitations of Stem Cells for ASD Clinical Trials and Research

• At present the stem cells have limited evidence available for their long-term healing impact. The research and trials that in progress indicate towards a promising future. However, it will require more data and insights to form a universal evidence around these. 
• Since stem cell research is still under trial, there are regulatons and guidelines imposed by medical authorities in India. With this, emerges the concerns related to unethical practices, which may affect the safety of the patients. Therefore, medical authorties highly recommend that patients should opt for reliable clinical trial centers, which follow the ethical guidelines. 
• Since the therapy is still under trial, the results of the treatment vary from patient to patient. Some children are benefitted more from the stem cell therapy based solutioin as compared to others. 

However, stem cell therapy is a promising avenue, there is a long way to go. The reliable platforms such as Medtravellers make sure that the patients seeking treatment through regenerative medicine get best support. If you are considering stem cell treatment for your loved one, consider getting it through reliable sources to minimze potential risk and avail maximum health benefits. 

FAQs

Is Stem cell therapy safe for autism treatment?

The therapy is in its early phase and clinical trials are in process. So far, it involves minimal risks, which are manageable with medications, but further evidence will help in understanding if there are any safety concerns. 

Can Stem cell therapy cure autism fully?

At present, stem cell therapy has emerged as a potential treatment, which may offer regenerative support to the brain function. More research and clinical trials are required to ensure if the therapy can fully cure autism.

What are the ethical concerns related to stem cell therapy?

Since stem cell therapy is still under trial, there are several guidelines decinded by medical authorties of the country, which are needed to be followed strictly. In some cases, if there’s a lampse in following those guidelines, it could be an ethical concern. 

What is the status of stem cell therapy in India?

India offers stem cell therapy clinical trials and research. The country has advanced medical care facilities, equipped to run effective trials. There are regulatory protocols defined by medical authorities, which are to be followed by the medical care centers